經常有朋友買攪拌車的液壓油管，不知道怎么改裝。我們要了解它的工作原理。通過攪拌機底盤上的取力器，將發動機的動力輸送到液壓油泵，產生高壓液壓油。高壓液壓油驅動液壓馬達高速旋轉，減速器產生大扭矩驅動攪拌筒旋轉。根據螺旋輸送原理，攪拌筒內的葉片不斷推動混凝土攪拌，避免混凝土凝結現象。

A friend often buys the hydraulic oil pipe of a mixer truck and doesn't know how to refit it. We need to understand how it works. Through the power take-off on the mixer chassis, the power of the engine is transmitted to the hydraulic oil pump to generate high-pressure hydraulic oil. The high-pressure hydraulic oil drives the hydraulic motor to rotate at a high speed, and the reducer generates a large torque to drive the mixing drum to rotate. According to the screw conveying principle, the blades in the mixing drum continuously push the concrete mixing to avoid concrete condensation.

發動機輸出的動力通過動力輸出傳輸到液壓油泵。液壓油泵配有兩根油管，一根接液壓油箱，另一根接液壓換向閥（兩根油管的厚度不同）。方向閥有四個端口，其中兩個連接到液壓馬達，另一個連接到液壓油散熱器的出油口。

The power output from the engine is transmitted to the hydraulic oil pump through the power output. The hydraulic oil pump is equipped with two oil pipes, one connected to the hydraulic oil tank and the other connected to the hydraulic directional valve (the thickness of the two oil pipes is different). The directional valve has four ports, two of which are connected to the hydraulic motor and the other to the oil outlet of the hydraulic oil radiator.

此外還應該知道液壓傳動的優點：可以實現對攪拌罐的無極變速控制，罐體的轉動速度和轉動方向在設定范圍內可以任意調節。液壓系統裝置重量輕，體積小，安裝方便柔性連接靈活。液壓系統工作平穩，震動小，操作換向時的緩沖小，操作方便。有自動過載保護裝置，自行潤滑，使用壽命長。液壓元件標準化程度高，方便維修和替換。

In addition, we should also know the advantages of hydraulic transmission: it can realize the stepless variable speed control of the mixing tank, and the rotation speed and direction of the tank can be adjusted arbitrarily within the set range. The hydraulic system device has the advantages of light weight, small volume, convenient installation and flexible connection. The hydraulic system works stably, with small vibration, small buffer during reversing operation and convenient operation. It has automatic overload protection device, self lubrication and long service life. The hydraulic components are highly standardized and convenient for maintenance and replacement.

另外自動上料攪拌車的液壓系統在工作中，油液里會不可避免的產生各類雜質異物，主要有焊渣、油漆、膠皮、磨料、灰塵、水分以及油液氧化生成的膠狀物質等。這些雜質夾到液壓泵馬達運動部件中，會破壞部件之間的潤滑油膜，劃傷柱塞、配油盤和各類閥等敏感部件，造成壓力泄漏和高溫，縮短泵馬達使用壽命。

In addition, during the operation of the hydraulic system of the automatic feeding mixer, various impurities and foreign matters will inevitably be generated in the oil, mainly including welding slag, paint, rubber, abrasive, dust, moisture and colloidal substances generated by oil oxidation. These impurities are caught in the moving parts of the hydraulic pump motor, which will damage the lubricating oil film between the parts, scratch the plunger, oil distribution plate, various valves and other sensitive parts, cause pressure leakage and high temperature, and shorten the service life of the pump motor.

大的顆粒如果堵塞控制油路的阻尼孔，或卡住閥芯，還會引起設備瞬間控制失效，如果一罐混凝土不能及時放出來的話，會造成非常大的連帶損失；長期不更換液壓油，油液的各項性能也會逐漸下降，引起工作無力，發熱，和高溫，嚴重的造成油液變質，會破壞泵馬達內部配件。

If large particles block the damping hole of the control oil circuit or block the valve core, it will also cause instantaneous control failure of the equipment. If a tank of concrete cannot be released in time, it will cause very large associated losses; If the hydraulic oil is not replaced for a long time, the performance of the oil will gradually decline, resulting in weak operation, heating and high temperature. In serious cases, the oil will deteriorate and the internal accessories of the pump motor will be damaged.

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