全自動攪拌車液壓系統的致病因素:污染,過熱,以及進入空氣。三大不利因素之間存在密切聯系,任何一項不利因素的出現都會導致另一項或多項問題的出現。結果表明,液壓系統中95%的“致病性”因素,都是由這三個不利因素引起的。
The pathogenic factors of the hydraulic system of the automatic mixer: pollution, overheating, and entering air. There is a close relationship among the three major adverse factors, and the occurrence of any one adverse factor will lead to the emergence of another or more problems. The results show that 95% of the "pathogenic" factors in the hydraulic system are caused by these three adverse factors.
如液壓零件的制造沒有問題,則造成損壞的原因一般是維修不當,操作不當的原因一般較少。對攪拌車的工作環境認識不足是主要原因。若了解一些常識原理,了解引起故障的三大不利因素,就能保證長期工作狀態良好。
If there is no problem with the manufacture of hydraulic parts, the damage is generally caused by improper maintenance, and the reasons for improper operation are generally less. Lack of understanding of the working environment of the mixer truck is the main reason. If you know some common sense principles and understand the three adverse factors that cause faults, you can ensure good long-term working conditions.
攪拌車工作油液進入異物變質油液中的異物,其來源有灰、砂、土等:
The working oil of the mixer truck enters the foreign matters in the deteriorated oil, and the sources include ash, sand, soil, etc
液壓部件外部未清潔,未清除雜質進料帶進系統,或密封圈損壞進入系統;內部清潔不干凈,油箱或零件內易留有少量雜質;進料容器、器具應清潔;油液儲存不當,油液加進去之前不清潔或已經變質;已變質的油會損壞零件。金屬分子被破壞后懸浮在油中。 異物對工件有損傷和腐蝕作用,特別是對精加工工件而言,異物對皮管的內壁、油封圈和填充物有損傷,從而導致液壓系統失效。
The outside of hydraulic components is not cleaned, impurities are not removed, and the feed is brought into the system, or the sealing ring is damaged and enters the system; The interior is not clean, and a small amount of impurities are easily left in the oil tank or parts; Feed containers and appliances shall be clean; Improper oil storage, unclean or deteriorated before adding oil; Deteriorated oil can damage parts. Metal molecules are broken and suspended in oil. The foreign matters may damage and corrode the workpiece, especially for the finished workpiece. The foreign matters may damage the inner wall, oil seal ring and filler of the leather pipe, resulting in the failure of the hydraulic system.
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液壓系統過熱可能是以下一種或多種原因造成:當油中進入空氣或水分,液壓泵把油液轉變為壓力時,空氣和水分就會因熱量增加導致過熱;液壓系統內的油平面過高,油液強烈攪動,而引起過熱;質量較差的油可能變稀,使外來物質漂浮或與水有親合力,這樣也會引起過熱;工作時超負荷工作,也會產生熱量;回油閥調整不當或未及時更換已損壞零件,也會產生熱量。
The overheating of the hydraulic system may be caused by one or more of the following reasons: when air or water enters the oil and the hydraulic pump converts the oil into pressure, the air and water will overheat due to the increase of heat; The oil level in the hydraulic system is too high, and the oil agitates strongly, causing overheating; Oil with poor quality may become thin, causing foreign substances to float or have affinity with water, which may also cause overheating; Working overload will also generate heat; Improper adjustment of oil return valve or failure to replace damaged parts in time will also generate heat.
當空氣進入油中除引起過熱外,如果被壓縮的體積大約有20%是屬于被溶的空氣,則壓力下降時便會形成泡沫。而工作液壓缸在減壓回油時,帶泡沫的油液就會形成“海綿”的性質。此外,油中含有許多泡沫會增加總體積,將造成油箱或儲油器的溢油現象。
When air enters the oil, in addition to causing overheating, if about 20% of the compressed volume belongs to dissolved air, foam will be formed when the pressure drops. When the working hydraulic cylinder depressurizes and returns oil, the oil with foam will form a "sponge" property. In addition, the oil contains a lot of foam, which will increase the total volume and cause the oil tank or oil reservoir to overflow.
含有空氣的工作油,在傳遞動力時會產生急跳的痙攣現象, 含有空氣的工作油,還會造成液壓泵發生氣穴的危險,由此而產生更大的吸力,會把更多的空氣連同其他雜質都吸入系統內。因油中進入空氣而產生過熱,空氣進入的同時也會帶進灰塵,這些情況會使油很快變質。
The working oil containing air will produce jerky spasm when transmitting power. The working oil containing air will also cause the risk of cavitation of the hydraulic pump, resulting in greater suction, which will suck more air and other impurities into the system. The oil will overheat due to the air entering the oil, and the air will also bring in dust at the same time, which will quickly deteriorate the oil.
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